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Float Valves

A ball float valve is a mechanical valve used to automatically control the level of liquid in a tank or vessel. It operates based on the buoyancy of a float (usually a hollow ball) that rises and falls with the liquid level. When the liquid reaches a certain height, the float moves and actuates the valve to either shut off or allow flow — commonly used in water tanks, cooling towers, and cisterns.

How It Works:

  1. A hollow ball float is attached to a lever arm, which connects to the valve mechanism.
  2. As the liquid level rises, the float rises with it.
  3. Once a set level is reached, the float moves the lever, closing the valve to stop inflow.
  4. When the liquid level drops, the float lowers, causing the valve to reopen and refill the tank.

Main Components:

  • Float ball (metal or plastic)
  • Lever arm (connects float to valve)
  • Valve body (brass, stainless steel, plastic, etc.)
  • Inlet port (connected to water/gas line)
  • Seat and seal (controls flow closure)

Advantages:

  • Simple, reliable, and self-operating
  • Requires no external power or electronics
  • Cost-effective
  • Ideal for open or vented tanks

Limitations:

  • Not suitable for high-pressure or high-flow systems
  • May wear over time if exposed to dirty or corrosive fluids
  • Needs clear space inside the tank for float movement

Common Applications:

  • Domestic and industrial water storage tanks
  • Cooling towers
  • Livestock watering troughs
  • Boiler feed systems (in low-pressure settings)
  • Rainwater harvesting systems

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